【英文经典诗选】雪莱：如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
珀西·比希·雪莱 Percy Bysshe Shelley，是19世纪英国著名的浪漫主义诗人。作为浪漫主义诗人，雪莱的诗歌中充满着理想主义、英雄主义和浪漫主义色彩。他在诗歌中大量宣扬了对自由、平等的追求，对共产主义的向往，因此诗歌充满了激情和强烈的战斗精神。
雪莱的诗歌中充满着对大自然的赞美，通过描写波澜壮阔的自然景观，他向世人展示了自然之美。在他的诗歌中，那些拟人化的山河、鸟雀象征着自由的人类，因而诗歌情感真挚、句句动人。
他的代表作有《麦布女王》、《西风颂》、《致云雀》。雪莱的诗在当时社会形成了巨大的轰动，他的诗到达了浪漫主义的巅峰，即使是现在，他在诗歌上的造诣也无人能及。
【英文经典诗选】雪莱：如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
他的不朽之作《西风颂》是欧洲诗歌史上的瑰宝，那拥有摧枯拉朽的巨大力量的“西风”在后世广为流传。
Ode to the West Wind
I
O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being,
Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou,
Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed
The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,
Each like a corpse within its grave, until
Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
With living hues and odours plain and hill:
Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;
Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!
II
Thou on whose stream, mid the steep sky's commotion,
Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed,
Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,
Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread
On the blue surface of thine aery surge,
Like the bright hair uplifted from the head
Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge
Of the horizon to the zenith's height,
The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge
Of the dying year, to which this closing night
Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre,
Vaulted with all thy congregated might
Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere
Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear!
III
Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams
The blue Mediterranean, where he lay,
Lull'd by the coil of his crystalline streams,
Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay,
And saw in sleep old palaces and towers
Quivering within the wave's intenser day,
All overgrown with azure moss and flowers
So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou
For whose path the Atlantic's level powers
Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below
The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear
The sapless foliage of the ocean, know
Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear,
And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!
IV
If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear;
If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee;
A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share
The impulse of thy strength, only less free
Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even
I were as in my boyhood, and could be
The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven,
As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed
Scarce seem'd a vision; I would ne'er have striven
As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.
Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!
I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!
A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd
One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.
V
Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:
What if my leaves are falling like its own!
The tumult of thy mighty harmonies
Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone,
Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,
My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe
Like wither'd leaves to quicken a new birth!
And, by the incantation of this verse,
Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth
Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!
Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth
The trumpet of a prophecy! Oh Wind,
If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
译文：查良铮 译
哦，狂暴的西风，秋之生命的呼吸!
你无形，但枯死的落叶被你横扫，
有如鬼魅碰到了巫师，纷纷逃避：
黄的，黑的，灰的，红得像患肺痨，
呵，重染疫疠的一群：西风呵，是你
以车驾把有翼的种子催送到
黑暗的冬床上，它们就躺在那里，
像是墓中的死穴，冰冷，深藏，低贱，
直等到春天，你碧空的姊妹吹起
她的喇叭，在沉睡的大地上响遍，
(唤出嫩芽，像羊群一样，觅食空中)
将色和香充满了山峰和平原。
不羁的精灵呵，你无处不远行;
破坏者兼保护者：听吧，你且聆听!
第二节
没入你的急流，当高空一片混乱，
流云象大地的枯叶一样被撕扯
脱离天空和海洋的纠缠的枝干。
成为雨和电的使者：它们飘落
在你的磅礴之气的蔚蓝的波面，
有如狂女的飘扬的头发在闪烁，
从天穹的最遥远而模糊的边沿
直抵九霄的中天，到处都在摇曳
欲来雷雨的卷发，对濒死的一年
你唱出了葬歌，而这密集的黑夜
将成为它广大墓陵的一座圆顶，
里面正有你的万钧之力的凝结;
那是你的浑然之气，从它会迸涌
黑色的雨，冰雹和火焰：哦，你听!
第三节
是你，你将蓝色的地中海唤醒，
而它曾经昏睡了一整个夏天，
被澄澈水流的回旋催眠入梦，
就在巴亚海湾的一个浮石岛边，
它梦见了古老的宫殿和楼阁
在水天辉映的波影里抖颤，
而且都生满青苔、开满花朵，
那芬芳真迷人欲醉!呵，为了给你
让一条路，大西洋的汹涌的浪波
把自己向两边劈开，而深在渊底
那海洋中的花草和泥污的森林
虽然枝叶扶疏，却没有精力;
听到你的声音，它们已吓得发青：
一边颤栗，一边自动萎缩：哦，你听!
第四节
哎，假如我是一片枯叶被你浮起，
假如我是能和你飞跑的云雾，
是一个波浪，和你的威力同喘息，
假如我分有你的脉搏，仅仅不如
你那么自由，哦，无法约束的生命!
假如我能像在少年时，凌风而舞
便成了你的伴侣，悠游天空
(因为呵，那时候，要想追你上云霄，
似乎并非梦幻)，我就不致像如今
这样焦躁地要和你争相祈祷。
哦，举起我吧，当我是水波、树叶、浮云!
我跌在生活底荆棘上，我流血了!
这被岁月的重轭所制服的生命
原是和你一样：骄傲、轻捷而不驯。
第五节
把我当作你的竖琴吧，有如树林：
尽管我的叶落了，那有什么关系!
你巨大的合奏所振起的音乐
将染有树林和我的深邃的秋意：
虽忧伤而甜蜜。呵，但愿你给予我
狂暴的精神!奋勇者呵，让我们合一!
请把我枯死的思想向世界吹落，
让它像枯叶一样促成新的生命!
哦，请听从这一篇符咒似的诗歌，
就把我的话语，像是灰烬和火星
从还未熄灭的炉火向人间播散!
让预言的喇叭通过我的嘴唇
把昏睡的大地唤醒吧!西风啊，
如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
这首诗共有五小节，前三节写景，后两节转而抒情。第一节描述了西风扫去落叶，带来充满生命力的种子;第二节写了西风撕扯流云，呼唤着电闪雷鸣、狂风暴雨;第三节描写了西风唤醒沉睡的大海，海底的一切都开始颤动;第四、五节抒发了诗人对西风的歌颂与向往。
雪莱在这首诗中运用象征手法，西风代表着革命的力量，它正以摧枯拉朽之力横扫着欧洲的黑暗势力;西风又象征着他自己，象征着他献身革命运动的决心。整首诗慷慨激昂、气势宏伟，读来令人为之一振。
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